Happy Punctuation Day!
Today is National Punctuation Day for 2025, celebrating all forms of punctuation. . .
Happy National Punctuation Day! ! !
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Punctuation Earrings courtesy of Openverse
A Brief History:
Origination: National Punctuation Day is a day dedicated to celebrating all punctuation. Various forms of punctuation, such as periods, commas, semicolons, question marks, and exclamation points, serve essential functions in writing. They delineate sentences and their components, thereby enhancing clarity of meaning. In their absence, the intended meaning could be obscured or subject to misinterpretation.

punctuation chart courtesy of Openverse
The Types of Punctuation:
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The Many Forms of Punctuation
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Symbol
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Punctuation Mark Name
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Purpose
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Appears Where?
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!
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Exclamation mark
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To convey strong feelings, end of sentence
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Sentence
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!
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Exclamation mark
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Code indicator from within the syntax that means beginning an image, used only one time at the beginning of the image point, the image location is at the point where test would normally be, but the image reference is entered there.
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GitHub
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“
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Quotation marks
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To indicate a quotation, before and after the quotation
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Sentence
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#
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Number sign
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Number or “number sign” (Pre-)
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Lists, Sentence
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#
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Number sign
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Weight=Pounds/lbs. (-Post)
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Sentence
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#
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Number sign
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Proofreading=Insert a space (above line where space is to be inserted)
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Manuscript
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#
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Command sign
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Programming=Command line (Boolean operator)
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At cursor
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#
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Hash sign
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Hashtags
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Internet
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#
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Pound key
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12th key on touch tone telephone
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Command
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#
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Sharp sign
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Indicates a sharp note in reading music
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Music staff
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$
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Dollar sign
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To indicate monetary amount in the form of a dollar in certain currencies (Pre-)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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$
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Dollar sign
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Used as a parameter syntax for command lines on many computer programs, including DOS
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Computer language
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%
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Percentage sign
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To indicate percentage amount of a whole number to the amount of 1/100th (Pre-)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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%
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Percentage sign
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HTML codes where a URL bar has a figure where the original character in the URL represents a command representation in HTML and/or also in computer code (DOS, C++, or other) (Pre-)
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HTML code
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&
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Ampersand
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Short for “and” saving space, or part of a name or title, a music artist, music title, book or chapter title
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Sentence, Heading, Lists
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&
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Ampersand
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URL encoding for HTML as in “&” meaning “&”
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HTML code
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&
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Literature
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To list a co-author in a bibliography
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Bibliography
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&
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Boolean operator
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To reference “and” in some coding languages
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At cursor
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‘
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Apostrophe
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Possessive nouns or contractions; Quotation within an original quotation; Plural for a set of letters, numbers or symbols i.e=”p’s” “1’s” or “&’s”
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Sentence
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( )
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Parenthesis
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Enclosing extra information
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Sentence
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( )
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Parenthesis
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Mathematical operator where the amount enclosed in the parentheses is always calculated before all other operations, especially important when using a spreadsheet program or scientific formulas and calculating a quotient in division
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Mathematics equations
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*
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Asterisk
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Footnotes, omissions, clarifications, censorship
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Sentence
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*
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Asterisk
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Wildcards (meaning “all”) to find words other than a reserved command figure or searches with all types of matching types that match another attribute; In computer language also for “all” (as in dir *.* to search a directory for all files and types)
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Computers, Internet, Computer language
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*
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Multiplication sign
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In computers, same operation as this “times” that, used instead of an ambiguous “x”
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Computers
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*
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Asterisk
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Marketing: for indicating added terms & conditions
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Advertisement, Flyer or website
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*
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Asterisk
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Music notes where piano’s pedal is released
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Music staff
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*x*
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Italics
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Code indicator within a syntax that means italics, used in pairs of *Hello* meaning Hello (“*” Shared with a “_”)
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GitHub
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**x**
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Boldface
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Code indicator within a syntax that means boldface, used in pairs of **Hello** meaning Hello (“**” Shared with a “__”)
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GitHub
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***x***
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Boldface Italics
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Code indicator within a syntax that means boldface italics, used in pairs of ***Hello*** meaning Hello (“***” Shared with a “___”)
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GitHub
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+
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Plus sign
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Binary operator for totaling a sum
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Mathematics
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+
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Positive sign
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Emphasize positive number (over “0”) in an equation
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Mathematics
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+
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Plus sign
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Unary plus operator, in computer doe, JavaScript, URL combined searches and operators, etc.; change attributes on a command line to positive from negative”yes”
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Computers, Internet, Computer language
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+
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Plus sign
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Brand name where two words are “this + that” but an “and” is not appropriate
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Title or Sentence
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,
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Comma
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To separate words, phrases, or ideas; coordinated multiple adjectives to make it more superlative; appositives, adjective clauses, or other extra information, or an introduction section of sentence
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Sentence, Title Heading, Lists
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,
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Comma
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A comma separated list.(csl list), a type of spreadsheet list, where the columns show up separated in text by inserting a “tab” symbolism to keep the columns intact
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Computers
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,
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Comma
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Separate items in a list to set off dates, addresses, and titles
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Lists, Computers
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–
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Hyphen
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Compound words, compound adjectives, compound numbers and fractions; avoiding duplicated vowels (pre-empt) or tripled consonants (hill-like); joint entity (management-employee meeting); Divide a word at the end of a line, divide unit and value (20-year); connect a name where two separate names are used
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Sentence
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−
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Minus sign
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Binary operator for subtracting a difference (longer than negative sign)
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Mathematics
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–
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Negative sign
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Emphasize negative number (under “0”) in an equation
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Mathematics
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–
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Hyphen
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Removal of options in a control center
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Computers and IoT
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–
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Hyphen
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“Not” in a search, where the search skips based on the negative attribution entered
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Internet
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–
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Hyphen
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Reading variable placed on a line as a variable or pivot mark
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Manuscripts
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–
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Minus sign
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Subtracting a date or a past date in a spreadsheet or database column (10)
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Computers
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−
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Dash
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Like a hyphen but the two words are still separated, not the same word; used to interrupt a sentence yet keep it in one sentence
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Sentence
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x
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Multiplication sign
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Binary operator for multiplying the product of another number (2×2=4)
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Mathematics
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÷
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Division sign
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Binary operator for dividing the quotient of another number (2÷2=1)
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Mathematics
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/
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Division sign
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In computers, same operation as this “divided-by” that, used instead of a hard to read and not readily available “÷”
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Mathematics
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/
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Slash
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Forward slash separates alternatives (and/or); substituting for the word “per” (100 miles/gallon);
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Sentence
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/
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Slash
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Represents fractions and division, separating the numerator and the denominator as in “3/4” meaning three-quarters, or 3 divided by 4 equaling 0.75%
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Mathematics
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/
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Slash
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Used in web addresses to separate and locate the appropriate resource in the directory structure of an individual web address
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Internet
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/
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Slash
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An authority component is preceded by a double slash in a URL, as in http:// or file:/// but the three slashes represent file://<host>/<resource> and when host is same it shows as 3 slashes in a row
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Internet
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/
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Slash
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Ending the HTML Angle Bracket operation at that point: when invoked it quits further operation of an HTML tag ending at that point
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HTML code
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/
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Slash
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Like a backslash in a computer operating system with file system paths in UNIX-like operating system
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Computers, Internet
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.
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Period
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General end of a sentence; ending an indirect question; abbreviations (Inc. being Incorporated), after initials and two-letter abbreviations (St. Louis)
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Sentence
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.
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Period
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Numbered list to indicate a line number in and out of an organized bullet list
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Lists
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.
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Decimal point
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Indicating that numbers to the right of the point are less than one, or numeric fractions, whether in numbers or money
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Mathematics
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.
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Dot
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In a website domain, a distinguished sector of a website sub-domain, second-level domain, and top-level domain, or a fairly divided website; also a domain extension is a place on the internet that is established worldwide with a Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), as in .com being U.S. commercial site.
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Internet
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.
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Dot
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A universal file extension, whereby the type of file is easily distinguished by all systems for the purpose the file is intended, as in file.jog being an image file. The extension can be an internet or a system file. The system file can be a digital file that was originally not intended for computer use but easily converted, like a .bin “binary” file or a .cda “compact disk” file
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Computers and Internet
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:
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Colon
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To give emphasis, present dialogue, introduce lists or text, and clarify composition titles
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Sentence, Heading, Lists
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:
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Colon
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The colon character is used to separate the protocol (e.g. http, ftp, etc.) from the server portion of your request
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Computers and Internet
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:
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Colon
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The colon character is used to determine/change the drive on a computer, as in a: b: being a floppy drive, c: being the main original hard drive, other letters as determined in the setup of the drive structure of a computer system
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Computers
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;
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Semicolon
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To joining independent clauses, a “super-comma” except the combining of two sentences establishing them in one sentence; making lists with multiple commas a break-point where the list starts a new vantage point from within the sentence
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Sentence
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;
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Semicolon
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In JavaScript an indication that the end of statement which lets JavaScript’s know that the instruction is spelled out completely
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Computers, Computer language
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;
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Semicolon
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URL encoding for HTML as in “&” meaning “&”
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HTML code
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<
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Less-than
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Binary indicator for making the statement that the first number in an equation is less than of another number 3 < 4 (three is less than four)
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Mathematics
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>
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Greater-than
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Binary indicator for making the statement that the first number in an equation is greater than of another number 4 > 3 (four is greater than three)
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Mathematics
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=
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equal to
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Binary indicator for making the statement that the first number in an equation is exactly equal to another number 4 = 4 (four is equal to four)
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Mathematics
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=
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equal sign
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The sign that indicates the “result” after the equal sign, of any equation: an addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, complex, scientific, exponentiation or other mathematical equation
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Mathematics
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=>
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Equal to-or-Greater than
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Statement where the result is either equal to or greater than another number; In binary code that an additional operation can be invoked if the result is true
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Mathematics, Computer language
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<=
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Less than-or-Equal to
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Statement where the result is either less than or equal to another number; In binary code that an additional operation can be invoked if the result is true
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Mathematics, Computer language
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< >
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HTML Angle Brackets
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<???> enclose HTML tags to make HTML function, and the function is included within the bracket pair: the tags come in pairs with the parameters enclosed within the bracket pair of angle brackets; the pair starts with the tag <???>Function</???>
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HTML code
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?
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Question mark
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The end of a sentence that asks a direct question
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Sentence
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?
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Question mark
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The query string separator indicates the point where a URL is no longer locating the online resource and turns into a search, query, or transmitting an Urchin Tracking Module “?utm_source=???…”
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Internet
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?
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Question mark
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Wildcards (meaning “the specified character”) to find a match at any ordered character other than a reserved command figure or searches with all types of matching types that match another attribute; In computer language also for “all” (as in dir ?c*.cd? will search for any file in the system whereby the second character of the filename is a “c” any length, but the extension needs to be a file with an extension with “cd?” the third character anything); these searches used to work in Google, but success is not possible since at least 2022
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Computers, Internet, Computer language
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@
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At sign
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Abbreviation for “at”; in business getting a product “at” a certain price, as in “bushel of apples @ $35.00 per bushel”
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Sentence
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@
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At sign
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Email addresses, the syntax <user name>@<email domain name>.<com>
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Internet, Computers, Android, IOS, POP. IMAP email
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@
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At sign
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Social media: begins user’s name/custom name used to tag/find users
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Internet
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@
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At sign
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Has been used over the years to identify functions in programming, including batch files
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Computers
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[ ]
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Square brackets
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An alternative to standard round bracket style parenthesis, usually used to distinguish from a regular set of parenthesis from within a set of parenthesis when there are overlapping reasons for parenthesis
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Sentence
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[ ]
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Square brackets
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Citation to clarify where the explained item is referenced to or acquired from, usually a number or letter is in the brackets, and the reference on the bottom of a page or in a citation suffix section of a book.
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Reference System
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[ ]
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Square brackets
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The GitHub tag bracket, that starts a GitHub operation [About(https://anyplace.com/about/)]
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GitHub
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\
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Backslash
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Denoting a set difference, quotient group, or integer division: In math, the backslash can be used to denote a set difference, quotient group, or integer division
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Mathematics
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\
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Backslash
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Separators in a file path name, as in C:\Documents\User\File.txt
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Computers
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\
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Backslash
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Special purposes in computer language including automatic escaping execution of code based on results.
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Computer language
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^
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Caret
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Proofreading=Insert a word here (below line where word is to be inserted, with the word printed above the line)
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Manuscript
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^
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Caret
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In algebra, the caret symbol is used to represent exponents. It’s placed after the base number and before the exponent value
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Mathematics
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^
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Caret
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Multiple uses
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Mathematics, Computers, Computer language
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_
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Underscore
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Create easily readable names especially online names
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Sentence, Computers
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_
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Italics
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Code indicator within a syntax that means italics, used in pairs of _Hello_ meaning Hello (“_” Shared with a “*”)
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GitHub
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__
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Boldface
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Code indicator within a syntax that means boldface, used in pairs of __Hello__ meaning Hello (“__” Shared with a “**”)
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GitHub
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___x___
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Boldface Italics
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Code indicator within a syntax that means boldface italics, used in pairs of ___Hello___ meaning I (“___” Shared with a “***”)
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GitHub
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~~x~~
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Strikethrough
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Code indicator within a syntax that means text that has been stricken (crossed out)
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GitHub
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`
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Backtick
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A quotation mark to repeat someone else’s quotation within your own quotation
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Sentence
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`
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Backtick
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Multiple uses
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Mathematics, Computer language
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{ }
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Braces
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Used to identify the elements of a set of an equation or formula.
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Mathematics
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{ }
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Braces
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Grouping items, linking two or more lines of writing together within a paragraph
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Sentence
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{ }
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Braces
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Computer programming syntax that include a custom parameter instruction
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Computer language
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{ }
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Braces
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Composer notes and comments that aren’t part of the music
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Music staff
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|
|
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Vertical pipe
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Conditional probability as in P(X|Y); absolute value as in this example |x|; multiple other uses
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Mathematics
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|
|
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Vertical pipe
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Chemistry, physics, other sciences
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Science
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|
|
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Vertical pipe
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Computer operations being piped to another source, as in a screen can be “piped” into another device
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Computers
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~
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Tilde
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One number is approximately equal to another
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Mathematics
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~
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Tilde
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Multiple uses including using as a filename variation
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Computer language
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¡
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Upside-down exclamation mark
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Used to begin exclamatory sentences or clauses in Spanish
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Latin sentence
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¢
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Cents sign
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To indicate monetary amount in the form of a cents (coinage) in certain currencies (-Post)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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£
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Pound sign
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To indicate monetary amount in the form of a British pound in certain currencies (Pre-)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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¤
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Scarab
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To indicate monetary amount in the form of a undetermined currency (generic) in certain currencies (Pre- -or- -Post)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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¥
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Yen (yuan) sign
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To indicate monetary amount in the form of a Yen (yuan) in certain currencies (Pre-)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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¦
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Broken pipe
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Alternate pipe for when another vertical pipe is already used to distinguish from the other pipe
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Mathematics, Science, Computers
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§
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Section sign
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Section symbol, section mark, double-s, ‘silcrow’
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Books, Lists
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⌀
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Diameter mark
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Indicates a diameter reading
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Mathematics
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©
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Copyright
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Intellectual property display
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Legal restirction
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™
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Trademark
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Intellectual property display
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Legal restirction
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℠
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Service mark
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Intellectual property display
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Legal restirction
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®
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Registered
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Intellectual property display
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Legal restirction
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¯
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Superscript Overscore
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Not recognized by computer filename systems, but used rarely in text to indicate opposite attributes to an underscore
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Sentence, Lists
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°
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Degree sign
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To indicate thermal degree amount (temperature) (Post-)
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Mathematics, Sentence
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±
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Plus/minus symbol
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Used in mathematical equations to represent a quantity that can take on both a positive and negative value, and cannot be zero
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Mathematics
|
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† ‡
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Daggers
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Footnotes to indicate a reference on a page
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Books, Lists
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µ
|
Mu
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Generally represents the prefix multiplier 0.000001, i.e., 10-6 or one millionth.
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Mathematics
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¶
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Pilcrow
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Paragraph mark, paragraph sign, paraph, alinea, or blind P
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Books, Lists
|
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℮
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Estimate sign
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Indicates an estimated reading
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Mathematics, Sentence
|
|
♀ ♂ ⚥
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Gender signs
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Indicates a gender
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Sentence, Books, Lists
|
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« »
|
Guillemet
|
Much less than; much greater than
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Mathematics
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№
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Numero sign
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Number sign
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Books, Lists, Sentence
|
|
<!– x –>
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<!– TEXT –>
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HTML Notes designed to not show up on the webpage
|
HTML code
|
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¿
|
Upside-down question mark
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Used to begin interrogatory sentences or clauses in Spanish
|
Latin sentence
|

Photo by Ann H courtesy of Pexels
Celebrated: Happy National Punctuation Day is celebrated on September 24th every year!
A Few Facts:
I am sharing a few facts, and more, some trivia, some not trivial. . .

Photo by ZIPNON courtesy of Pixabay
The Present:
America has come very greatly appreciative of all the punctuation that there is, and all the different styles and purposes behind the symbols. . .
The Future:
The United States will celebrate the punctuation and grammar, now and into the years to come!
FREEBIES & DEALS For National Punctuation Day:
✱ FREE National Punctuation Day: Fonts
✱ FREE National Punctuation Day: Craft + Printables
✱ CHEAP National Punctuation Day: Ideas, Crafts & Worksheets
✱ FREE National Punctuation Day: AT “Hey It’s Free”
Hashtags:
#HappyNationalPunctuationDay #NationalPunctuationDay #Punctuation #Grammar

Punctuated letters courtesy of Openverse
National Punctuation Day
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An important day. So many no longer use punctuation,
Wow I didn’t realize just how many punctuations there are